Such fun, this is one of those never-ending discussions. I have contributed my fair share of hot air to similar threads, but this year I have a different experience to report on.
For years, I checked my poles. Usually in a big cardboard tube. Then two years ago, they were lost and it caused me a lot of headache and rushing around to buy a new pair in Madrid before going to Sevilla.
This year, I decided I would put rubber tips over the pointed edges, collapse them, put them in a small duffel bag, and try to carry them on. So I had my backpack as my carry-on and the poles in a duffel with nothing else as my personal item. l had them in a duffel just in case I had to check them at the last minute. TSA didn't bat an eye. When I got to Madrid, I packed up the duffel bag and sent it up to Santiago, where it was waiting for me on arrival so I could fill it with olive oil, cheese, etc etc. and then check it with my poles inside on the way home.
I would never check my backpack. Maybe it's just my bad luck, but over the years, I've had at least 7 experiences with bags not arriving when I did on an international trip. They almost always arrived several days later (the hiking poles were never found), but for people eager to start walking on the Camino, that would be a huge pain.
So my bottom line is that I think it's worth it to try to carry the poles through security, but leave enough time, and have them in a bag, so you can go back and check them if you are forbidden from doing so. Buen camino, Laurie