If I get this right, Portugal is requiring a recent (within last 48 hours) negative PCR test for Covid from anyone entering the country whether by plane, ship or overland. This is not a major issue for most international travellers. However, it is a major issue if you happen to live in Spain and work in Portugal, as do some 10000 Spanish workers. For them, it is a huge problem. Not surprisingly, people in Galicia are very upset about it.
It seems that transborder workers are exempt from this:
(Translation of story from the RB Tribuna, covering Galicia and northern Portugal, translated)
"As part of the measures to combat the Covid-19 disease pandemic applied to land borders, which will remain open, the Government determined the following restrictions to be in force from 12:00 am on December 1, 2021:
1 – All citizens from countries outside the European Union (EU) and from countries considered to have a red or dark red risk level, when they do not have the EU Covid Digital Certificate (CDCUE) in the test or recovery modalities, must present a of two alternatives:
a) Laboratory proof of negative PCR test performed in the last 72 hours;
b) Laboratory proof of rapid antigen test performed in the last 48 hours and with a negative result.
2 - Citizens from EU countries considered to be at low or moderate risk must have CDCUE, in the form of vaccination, testing or recovery.
3 - Cross-border workers - considered as such for carrying out their professional activity within 30 kilometers of the border - and workers in essential services (such as transport of goods and passengers, emergency and relief, security and emergency services) must present the Digital Certificate in any of the three modalities."
I assume this is referring to "vaccination, testing or recovery, as mentioned above in #2.]
Link to original story (in Portuguese):
rbtribuna, Eurorregión, Eurorregião, Galicia, Galiza, Norte de Portugal, Galicia-Norte de Portugal, Galiza-Norte de Portugal